Consciousness in Solitude: Is Social Interaction Really a Necessary Condition?

Is pediatric labeling really necessary?

Labeling refers to the label on the drug container and all printed materials, including the package insert, that accompanies the product. Labeling of a drug indicates that there is substantial evidence from adequate and well controlled clinical trials for the safe and effective use of that drug. Labeling provides important information on clinical pharmacology, indications and usage, contraindic...

Laparoscopic pyloromyotomy: is a knife really necessary?

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic pyloromyotomy (LP) is currently accepted as a suitable treatment modality for infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS). In this report, we describe some technical modifications of LP using a 3- or 5-mm hook with electrocautery as a substitute for a knife for incising the pylorus. The outcomes of LP using a standard retractable pyloromyotomy knife are compared with ...

Is your brain really necessary?

"Professor John Lorber has a facility for making doctors sit up and think about hallowed concepts," writes Adrian Bower, a neuroanatomist at Sheffield University, England, where Lorber holds a research chair in pediatrics. "The human brain is the current object of his challenging speculation," continues Bower, referring to his colleague's recent propositions concerning hydrocephalus, or water o...

Neuronal function is necessary but not sufficient for consciousness: consciousness is necessary for will

Behavioral neuroscience has presented philosophers with the task of clarifying the relationship between neural determinism and free will. If neural functions encode information and govern decision-making, are the constructs of will, agency and indeed morality illusions of pre-scientific ignorance? This article will argue that neuronal function is necessary for representing distinct sensory-perc...

A Necessary Condition for Weyl-Heisenberg Frames